Main Lesson Supplies — Pencils

Colored pencils were easily the material that were used most in my classroom. They are a Waldorf staple that enter the classroom as early as grade 1. This post on pencils is the latest in my series on main lesson supplies — see my other posts on crayons and main lesson books

Grades 1-3

Beginning in grade one you should give your children pencils to use for their writing. It is not recommended to cultivate a habit of writing with crayons, so in these early grades crayons are for drawing, pencils are for writing. I would recommend having a collection of blue or red pencils, one for each student, that the teacher holds onto and hands out when it is time to write. This way respect for the materials is cultivated and the children receive the writing pencil with reverence. Handing out a set of pencils to each student at this age would not only inspire them to begin drawing with colored pencils instead of crayons, but it would be passing up an opportunity to cultivate true respect and care for the materials. Over the course of 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade the children can receive all of the colors so that they’re ready to draw primarily with colored pencils by 4th grade.

Most teachers begin with the Lyra Super Ferby pencils. These pencils have a nice triangular barrel that encourages proper pencil grip. My students loved these pencils, and some of them use their set right through eighth grade. The other option would be the Lyra Color Giants which have a rounder shape (more octagonal, actually.) These pencils are also just fine to use. One year I bought myself a set of the Mercurius brand Art Makes Sense pencils. I loved these pencils! The pigment was incredibly vibrant and they drew so smoothly. I recall that they were more affordable than the Lyras, too. I have not tried this brand of pencil since, so I’m inclined to recommend the tried-and-true Lyras, but if you’re ordering an extra set, try the Mercurius pencils.

One other thing — if you’re ordering for a class of students it definitely makes sense to order boxes of individual colors rather than a set for each student. I loved being able to choose the colors (rather than using the ones that happened to come in the set, which usually included white, which had limited usefulness, and I remember one set of pencils I considered did not include a purple — imagine!). We also found that certain colors needed to be replaced much more frequently than others — especially the red, which seems to have unusually crumbly pigment. This approach also ensured that I did not have to purchase a set of replacement pencils for every student at the beginning of every year. At the end of the school year we went through our pencils, replaced the ones needing replacing and then I collected them for the summer. In September they were ready to go. Not ordering a tin for each student meant that I needed to order a pencil case for them, but I preferred this anyway. Those pencil tins drove me crazy and I was always waiting for the next time a tin would fall with an enormous, distracting clatter. If you’re homeschooling it probably is best to order a set for each child, but still parcel the colors out as suggested above. While homeschooling I still found it best to have a pencil pouch. We have some pencils in a basket at our house, but the pouch is so much more portable and it’s nice to know that there’s a complete set, with every color, rather than the hodge-podge that finds its way into the basket.

Grades 4 and 5

In these grades colored pencils are being used primarily for drawing, while graphite pencils are used for writing. Students in these grades need a full set of colored pencils, along with a collection of graphite pencils for writing. Keeping a basket of crayons in the room is recommended, as some students do like using them in combination with their pencils at this age. Be careful, though, that students are not looking to their block crayons as an easy to way to make a border.

During these grades it is also nice to have a set of skin tone pencils for communal use in the classroom.

The Super Ferbys are still the colored pencils to use. They also make a graphite that made a nice transition to using graphite pencils. My students used the Super Ferby graphite during 4th grade and then in 5th grade we used regular graphite pencils. The only brand of regular graphite pencil that is worth spending money on at all is Ticonderoga. They truly are “the World’s best pencil.”

Grades 6-8

In Grade 6 the students began using thinner colored pencils. This was a huge adjustment and though the students were so excited to begin using them, they often felt quite small compared to the large page of the main lesson book. It is appropriate, then, to switch to using smaller main lesson books at this age (see my post on main lesson books).  I know some teachers who have continued to use Super Ferbys through grade 6 and even beyond, and they are so lovely to work with that I considered it myself, but generally, my students were happy to use the thinner pencils.

The pencils to use are the Rembrandt Polycolors. Do not make the mistake I did and order the Rembrandt Aquarelles for regular drawing. These are watercolor pencils and though it would be quite lovely to have a set in the room for communal use in 7th and 8th grade, they don’t hold up for regular, everyday use.

One word of caution — this is the age when students start to get excited about bringing in their own materials to work with (oh, the dreaded gel pen!). I recommend not allowing the students to use other materials in their main lesson books. I always held a hard line on this — the only materials they could use in their MLB’s were ones I had given them.

One last thing that would be nice to have is a set of  drawing pencils of varying hardnesses. I did not purchase a set of drawing pencils for each of my students, but instead had a collection in the room for them to use. Some teachers do order their students an entire set, I suppose it depends on how intensively you enter into the art curriculum.

Main Lesson Supplies — Crayons

Continuing my series on main lesson supplies, today I’ll cover crayons. Check here for my other post in this series – main lesson books.

The drawing supplies children use in a Waldorf school evolve as they move through the grades and it all begins with crayons.

Block Crayons

Block crayons are the signature Waldorf early childhood drawing material. They’re used in preschool, kindergarten and right up through third grade. I even had fifth graders beg me to purchase them a new set of block crayons. The great thing about block crayons is that their shape makes it difficult for children to draw things with fixed outlines, which is a tendency Waldorf teachers try to curb in their students. Drawing a figure from the inside out allows for much greater flexibility and allows the child to think about the figure itself, not the outline of it. The drawback to block crayons, though, is that they are an awkward shape for the child to hold. A few years ago there was a bit of a ripple through the Waldorf movement when a teacher came forward and said that she noticed her students’ pencil grips in later years being affected in an unhealthy way by the use of block crayons. I don’t think this is reason to abandon block crayons entirely, but I wouldn’t use them exclusively.

The best (and maybe only) block crayons are made by Stockmar, and I found this tin of  8 crayons on Amazon for $13.00. They’re made of beeswax, so they have a pleasant smell (though watch out, I have known several children to devour them). You can store them in the tin they come in, but there are other storage methods that are better (more on that in a minute.) The tin comes with a small scraper that can be used for scraping the bits of color that end up on the crayons when they rub against the other colors. You can use this scraper if you’re so inclined, but do not give it to your children to clean their own crayons, unless you want to end up with chewed up crayons and a pile of colorful beeswax shavings. Rubbing with mineral oil also cleans the crayons, and this is a job that you can give to your children. We often used scratch paper for cleaning our crayons just before we drew with them.

Stick Crayons

Stockmar stick crayons are more like the traditional crayons you find, though quite a bit chunkier than Crayolas. Why order these expensive beeswax crayons rather than sticking with the tried-and-true, affordable Crayolas? Well, the pigment. The color of these Stockmar crayons is brilliant and beautiful. The also draw more smoothly and evenly than Crayolas. They do not come in the huge variety of color that the Crayolas come in (though you can get more than just the set of eight pictured here), but there is something to be said for limiting the number of colors your child works with at first. A lot can be learned by layering colors to get the desired affect. But, don’t, by any means, throw all of your Crayolas in the trash. Keep them and bring them out every now and then for free drawing. At my house my children have a separate set of supplies that they use for school-work, and we keep Crayolas, markers and tempera paints for free-time. These other supplies feel like dessert for my children and they love it when they get them for Christmas and birthdays.

Crayon Pouch

At our school the children have pouches similar to the one pictured here, to store their crayons. There is a little pocket for each crayon, the sticks and the blocks. The pouch folds in half the long way, rolls up and ties for storage. This kind of pouch has many benefits.

1 — When it’s time to work, the child gets out his or her crayons, unrolls it and lets it lay open along the top of the desk. All the crayons are right there and they don’t take up a huge amount of room on the desk.

2 — If the pouch falls on the floor while open the crayons remain neatly tucked inside and there isn’t the enormous disrupting clatter that there is when a tin of crayons falls to the floor.

3 — Each crayon has it’s own spot so the colors don’t rub off on each other. The crayons need to be cleaned less frequently and you don’t end up with little bits of green in your yellow sun.

At our school there is a tradition for the outgoing eighth grade to make these pouches for the incoming first graders, using an assembly line construction (they’ve just learned about the Industrial Revolution, after all). Ours have been made of corduroy, but I think it would be wonderfully easy to make them out of felt — no hemming of the raw edges required.

“The rare black”

Believe it or not, crayons in the Waldorf movement are a source of great controversy. Some say that Steiner indicated that all the black crayons be removed from the selection of colors for early childhood. Waldorf opponents consider this indication racist and cult-like. I think it’s pretty easy to find things in theory to get your feathers ruffled about but in practice things are a bit different.

We tend to naturally avoid the color black when it comes to young children. If you walk into a baby store you mostly see bright colors and soft pastels — very little black. It is a rare thing to find an infant dressed in black. Steiner’s indication (if in fact he did indicate this) is simply expressing this natural tendency. Okay, but should you remove the black crayon from your children’s pouches?

Different teachers do different things. Personally, I would leave the black in the pouch and see what happens. If a child is drawn towards using lots of black in his drawings, that is an insight I would like to have that I never would have discovered if the black had been removed. If I found that having a black crayon was creating a challenge for the child, preventing him from experiencing other colors, then I might remove it. If your child happily leaves black in its spot and uses it only for hair and tires on cars, then great, let him keep it.

In my aftercare program we tend to receive the hand-me-down crayons and because of previous teachers’ practice of sometimes removing the black crayon, we have just one black crayon in our communal basket. This crayon has become known and loved as “the rare black” and it gets passed around among the spaceship drawers. (I hope my title to this section is not perceived as some comment on the token racial phenomemena.)

What About Drawing Skin?

Should you provide your child with special crayons to use when drawing skin? Black people aren’t black and white people aren’t white (and white crayons don’t show up on white paper anyway) and the Stockmar brown isn’t great for drawing skin. So does it make sense to buy special skin color crayons? Well, no. Before the nine-year-change children view the world in a very undifferentiated way. To them there is no difference between themselves and their African American classmate. A wonderful way to honor this way of viewing the world is to use one color that is neither black nor white to draw all people. It has become customary, then, for Waldorf students to draw people with their gold crayon — signifying the golden light that lives within all human beings.

Who knew that crayons were such a heavy topic! Tomorrow — pencils.

Main Lesson Book Supplies

Out of all of the things you will purchase for your students — whether you’ve got a classroom-full or your own homeschooled children — materials for creating beautiful main lesson books are the supplies not to skimp on. Colored pencils and main lesson books are daily-use tools — buy the best and make your everyday work enjoyable. Today I’ll cover all the ins and outs of main lesson books and I’ll cover pencils, crayons and everything else in the coming days.

Main Lesson Books

I have always preferred the main lesson books that used to be put out by Adonis Press. A couple years ago the Adonis people quit selling main lesson books and the books are currently sold by a company called RAAND. I find these books far superior to the ones carried by Mercurius. The paper quality on the RAAND book is just as good as the Mercurius (with the exception of the recycled books) and though the cover is simply a heavy cardstock, rather than the more durable textured cover of the Mercurius books, the quality of the spiral binding is far superior. I’ve found it definitely better to get a book with a spiral binding so that you can easily turn the book back on itself while you’re working, but I found that the open wire spiral binding of the Mercurius books would often get caught on things and get bent out of shape. There’s never a problem with the plastic coil binding of the RAAND books. One other benefit, the colors of the RAAND book covers are more subdued and much more pleasant than the bright royal blue and shocking orange of the Mercurius books.

But what size to get? All through my years teaching the upper grades I purchased the smaller 9 by 12 books, thinking it was a bit intimidating and difficult to try to fill a larger page using  small colored pencils. Recently, though, I saw some beautiful examples of main lesson book work using the larger 11 by 14 books. I’m not convinced they are the best thing to use for regular everyday main lesson bookwork, though. Some teachers buy the larger books for mapmaking in Geography blocks. I tried this, but I found it tricky to have one book that didn’t fit in with all of the others. It also required that the book follow us for a number of years, because we certainly couldn’t fill it in one block. Looking back, I realize it would have been better to stick with the regular 9 by 14 book.  Almost all teachers in the lower grades use 11 by 14 books. Mercurius sells an 18.9 by 12.6 book that I’ve seen used, but my teacher training warned against using a book that was too large with little ones whose block crayons look pretty small when faced with that huge page.

Onion skin or no? Onion skin paper is used between pages to prevent the colored pencil on one page from rubbing off on the page it faces, which is a bit of a dilemma on richly decorated main lesson book pages. I never ordered books with the onion skin bound in the book. Some of our specialty teachers did and many kids accidentally wrote on the onion skin (which is a bit heavy in the Mercurius books). One year I bought loose onion skin, though that ended up being too large for the smaller RAAND books so I trimmed it down, which was a pain, and some students ended up using untrimmed onion skin that stuck out of their books in an untidy way. One year we put loose printer paper between our pages, which was nice and tidy, but felt a bit wasteful. I think there’s no perfect solution here, yet, so make the compromise that works best for you.

Binding books? One year I ditched the whole pre-bound main lesson book idea altogether and the students worked on a “signature” which was a large sheet of paper (I think I used 18 by 12) folded in half to create four (9 by 12) pages. At the end of the year I taught the students bookbinding and we bound all of their work together. This was nice because we didn’t have main lesson books with extra pages leftover and we could put the blocks in the order we studied them. It took a bit of organizing — keeping everyone’s work straight, without having everything neatly bound. I’m not sure I would do it again. The binding at the end of the year was pretty challenging (even though this was 7th grade) and though there were a handful of students who were quite proud to have their work for the year neatly bound together, there were many more who were frustrated by the experience. Recently I have seen some teachers have their students bind together their main lesson book work in a different way. Throughout the year the students work in bound main lesson books. At the end of the year they remove the spiral bindings, stack the work neatly in order and then sew through the holes made for the spiral. I could see this being a nice compromise.

Must-Have Chalkboard Supplies

I’ll confess that I’m a bit of a chalkboard snob. The chalk, the eraser, the board — it all has to be just right. And don’t even get me started on keeping it clean! Over the years I have found some tricks to satisfying my obsessive chalkboard tendencies, and I’ll share them with you.

Chalk

For colored chalk nothing beats the vibrant colors of Prang Ambrite. I love this chalk. It blends beautifully. The assorted pack comes with black (another must!). And it’s so soft it goes on the board incredibly smoothly. It’s like butta.

For white chalk I stumbled upon this great brand called Alpha. Now, it’s billed as low-dust and non-toxic but what gets me is how soft it is. It’s hard to find a white chalk that glides over the surface of the board, but this one does. It’s not some kind of frou-frou designer chalk, either. I found it online for 87 cents a box. But it really is good — our handwork teacher was constantly stealing it from my classroom. You have to watch out for those handwork teachers, you know.

Eraser

The best eraser for a chalkboard, hands down, is a microfiber cloth. For a person like me who obsesses about residual dust, a microfiber cloth is the only way to go. I bought a big pack of them at Costco and gave them to the other teachers at our school for Christmas. If you don’t want to wait until the end of the day for a clean board, a microfiber cloth is golden!

Care and Maintenance

At the end of each day it was always the chore of two students to clean the boards. They’d get a bucket of water, a giant painting sponge and a dry cloth. The sponger would wipe it down and the dryer would follow with the cloth and wipe until it was completely dry. At the end of chore time the board would be perfectly, deliciously clean (once the board cleaners had gone through my rigorous training, that is.)

Over the summer, the teachers would take a look at the boards and decide if they needed to repaint. It happens that the teacher in the class ahead of me usually repainted the boards, so they were almost always in excellent shape by the time I got to them, so I don’t have a lot of experience painting chalkboards. I have painted a couple that I use at home, though, so I know a little bit about what doesn’t work. When it comes to painting a board, texture is key. The kind of texture that grabs onto the chalk dust cannot be attained by using spray paint. I used a roller with a low nap and wish that I’d use one with a little more texture. I also wish I’d made absolutely certain I was painting in a clean and dry area, with my hair pulled back. The single hair that lies under the paint and causes my chalk to bump drives me crazy! It’s also important to sand the board really well. I just used a piece of particle board with a primer painted over it, which works fine, but there is definitely an uneven texture to the wood that would have disappeared with a little sanding.

It is definitely worth putting in a little effort to making a board that you will be happy to draw on. Chalkboard drawing is a wonderfully forgiving artistic medium so take the time to make it as enjoyable as possible.

Introduction

When I first began teaching at a Waldorf school I quickly found that there were resources for teaching that everyone used. Usually the not-to-be-missed resource titles were passed down from teacher to teacher, as each one of us shared with the teacher of the class behind us what worked, what didn’t, and what resources we couldn’t have lived without. All through I was so grateful for the benevolence of those teachers who shared the fruits of their labors with me and I was more than happy to share my experiences with the teachers who were behind me.

I wondered, though, if there might come a time when I would be undertaking an adventure through the grades again, perhaps this time without the support of a veteran teacher just one step ahead of me. Because of this fear, I made every effort to take detailed notes all the way through (sometimes more successfully than others) making sure that even if I wasn’t so good about taking notes on the exact content we studied, I at least had the titles of those few valuable resources.

In recent months I have become a part of a Waldorf homeschooling community that is composed not of teachers following each other in a neat little line, but of parents, doing their best, with limited resources, to provide this phenomenal education for their children. I’ve realized how lucky I am to have my little store of notes, however cryptic or sketchy they may be.

I’ve realized also, though, that there are a lot of people out there with a lot of really good information, and they’re all too willing to share.

It is with all of these thoughts in mind that I begin this blog. My intent is to post my own recommendations for books, toys and curriculum resources and hopefully to collect some of that worldly Waldorf wisdom that is out there into one place. I’d love for people to offer to contribute — writing up a little summary of their resources at the end of each block.

These will be real reviews written by real people who have real lives that have been shaped by the resources that we post here. Our advice is tried and true and it is offered to the community of Waldorf mothers, fathers, parents and teachers.